ANALISIS PENGUNGKAPAN RISIKO KEBERLANJUTAN DAN MITIGASI RISIKO PT PLN (PERSERO) TAHUN 2021–2024

Abstract

This study analyzes sustainability risk disclosures, mitigation measures, and changes in disclosure quality at PT PLN (Persero) from 2021 to 2024. It applies a descriptive qualitative approach with content analysis of the company’s Sustainability Reports and Annual Reports. Data were collected through documentation, literature review, and supporting interviews with Accounting and ESG staff at the Maluku and Papua Development Main Unit. Information was classified into environmental risks, social risks, environmental mitigation, and social mitigation. Disclosure quality was assessed for completeness, clarity, measurability, and consistency using a 0–2 scale, with reference to GRI, IFRS S1, and IFRS S2. The findings show that environmental risks include emissions, fossil-energy dependence, climate change, waste, fly ash and bottom ash (FABA), water, and biodiversity. Social risks include occupational health and safety (OHS), fatalities, service reliability, customer complaints, electricity access, and project-related social impacts. Mitigation measures comprise renewable energy development, biomass co-firing, emissions reduction, waste and FABA management, conservation, occupational safety enhancement, service digitalization, complaint resolution, expanded electricity access, and social and environmental responsibility programs (TJSL). Costs directly attributable to projects may be capitalized as construction in progress (PDP), whereas social and environmental responsibility costs are recorded as head-office expenses through a corporate social responsibility clearing account. Disclosure quality improved from scores of 4 on 2021 and 6 on 2022 to 7 on 2023 and 8 on 2024. Nevertheless, data consistency, cost quantification, residual-risk disclosure, and evaluation of mitigation effectiveness require improvement.

Keywords: sustainability risk; risk mitigation; disclosure quality; sustainability reporting; PT PLN (Persero).