Keragaman Genetik Ikan Kerapu <i>Epinephelus areolatus</i> di Perairan Selatan Kepala Burung Papua

Authors

  • Corazon E.M.P. Mayor Universitas Papua
  • Abdul Hamid A. Toha Pusat Penelitian Sumberdaya Perairan Pasifik Universitas Papua
  • Alberth W. Renyaan Universitas Papua
  • Muhammad Dailami Universitas Brawijaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31957/acr.v8i1.4612

Keywords:

BHS, Barcode DNA, COI, Epinephelus areolatus, Keragaman genetik

Abstract

Ikan kerapu Epinephelus areolatus adalah salah satu spesies ikan laut dalam genus Epinephelus yang penting secara ekologi, ekonomi, biologi, dan pangan. Genus ini tergolong tinggi tingkat keanekaragamannya. Meskipun demikian, informasi keragaman genetik spesies E. areolatus di bagian selatan bentang laut kepala burung Papua (Bird’s Head Seascape, BHS) masih terbatas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan keragaman genetik ikan kerapu E. areolatus baik secara individu, populasi, dan antar populasi di selatan BHS. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, peneliti telah mengumpulkan sampel ikan dari Fakfak dan Kaimana pada Agustus 2024. Analisis laboratorium dilakukan pada September 2025 menggunakan penanda genetik Cytochrome c oxidase sub unit 1 (COI) DNA mitokondria. Isolasi genom, amplifikasi gen COI, elektroforesis dan sekuensing fragmen gen COI adalah tahapan dalam analisis laboratorium ini. Hasil sekuensing pada 13 individu memperoleh panjang fragmen 665 panjang basa (pb). Hasil blast dan boldsystem terhadap ke-13 sekuens individu memastikan 12 sampel diantaranya adalah E. areolatus. Total teridientifikasi 35 sisi nukleotida yang berbeda antar individu spesies E. areolatus. Total 6 haplotipe yang teridentifikasi pada penelitian ini dengan keragaman haplotipe (Hd) populasi E. areolatus  di Kaimana 0,85714  dan keragaman nukleotida (Pi) 0,0193, sedangkan keragaman haplotipe  di perairan Fakfak sebesar 0.8333 dan keragaman nukleotida 0,0272. Jarak genetik rata-rata antar individu adalah 0.000 – 0.053.  Ikan kerapu Fakfak dan Kaimana memiliki hubungan yang sangat dekat yang ditunjukkan oleh pohon filogenetik dan jaringan haplotipe. Populasi ikan BHS ini juga mengalami pencampuran genetik dengan spesies yang sama asal perairan Pasifik seperti China, Philipina, Canada, dan lainnya.

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Author Biographies

Corazon E.M.P. Mayor, Universitas Papua

Program studi S2 Sumberdaya Akuatik, Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Papua. Jalan Gunung Salju Amban, Manokwari, Papua Barat, 98314, Indonesia

Abdul Hamid A. Toha, Pusat Penelitian Sumberdaya Perairan Pasifik Universitas Papua

Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Papua. Jalan Gunung Salju Amban, Manokwari, Papua Barat, 98314 Indonesia

Program Studi S3 Ilmu Pertanian, Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Papua. Jalan Gunung Salju Amban, Manokwari, Papua Barat, 98314 Indonesia

Alberth W. Renyaan, Universitas Papua

Program studi S2 Sumberdaya Akuatik, Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Papua. Jalan Gunung Salju Amban, Manokwari, Papua Barat, 98314, Indonesia

Muhammad Dailami, Universitas Brawijaya

Program Studi Akuakultur, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran Malang, Jawa Timur, 65145, Indonesia  

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Published

2025-05-30

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Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): ACROPORA: Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan Papua Edisi Mei 2025

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