DEVELOPMENT OF A LUDO-BASED SMART BOX LEARNING MEDIA TO IMPROVE THE NUMERACY SKILLS OF FOURTH-GRADE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Abstract

Numeracy skills are one of the fundamental competencies that students need to understand and solve mathematical problems encountered in daily life. The results of observations and interviews conducted at SD Negeri 5 Bendorejo, SD Negeri 1 Kedunglurah, and SD Negeri 2 Kedunglurah indicated that the numeracy skills of fourth-grade students were still relatively low, particularly in the topic of plane geometry. In addition, the limited use of learning media caused students to be less actively involved in learning and experience difficulties in understanding the concepts of sides, angles, and vertices of plane figures. Therefore, an engaging and interactive learning medium is needed to improve students' numeracy skills. This study aimed to develop a Smart Box learning media that is valid, practical, and effective in improving the numeracy skills of fourth-grade elementary school students. This research employed the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation stages. The research participants were 50 fourth-grade students from SD Negeri 5 Bendorejo, SD Negeri 1 Kedunglurah, and SD Negeri 2 Kedunglurah. Data were collected through observations, interviews, questionnaires, and tests, and analyzed using descriptive quantitative and qualitative techniques. The results indicated that the Smart Box learning media was valid based on expert validation of both the learning material and the media. The media was also considered practical based on the positive responses from teachers and students. Its effectiveness was demonstrated by the improvement in students' learning outcomes, with the average pre-test score increasing from 59 to an average post-test score of 79. Furthermore, the average N-Gain score was 0.5027, which falls into the moderate category, with an N-Gain percentage of 50.27%. It can be concluded that the Smart Box learning media is suitable for teaching plane geometry and is effective in improving the numeracy skills of fourth-grade elementary school students at a moderate level.